Introduction

• Data structure is a fundamental concept in any programming language, which is an essential part of algorithm design.
• It is used to organize and edit data efficiently.
• Data structure is the way data and its relationships are represented, which supports the application of different features or algorithms to work optimally.

1. Types of data structures
There are two types of data structures:

• Linear data structure: If the elements of the data structure are a sequential sequence or linear list. It is called a linear data structure. For example: array, linked list, stack, queue, etc.
• Non-linear data structure: If the elements of the data structure create a way to traverse the elements in an unordered manner, then it is a non-linear data structure. For example: Tree, graph, etc.

2. Applications

Data structures are the core foundation of software programming because the efficiency of any algorithm for a given problem depends on how efficiently the data is structured.

Applications of data structures:

1. Artificial Intelligence
2. Compiler Design
3. Machine Learning
4. Database Design and Management
5. Blockchain
6. Computation and Statistics
7. Operating System Development
8. Image and Audio Processing
9. Encryption

3. Benefits

Any problem has limitations in terms of speed of solution (time) and amount of resources consumed (space). A problem that is limited by space and time complexity must be solved efficiently.

To do this, the problem must be represented in a suitable structure where algorithms can be best applied.

Choosing the appropriate data structure becomes the most important step before applying algorithms to any problem.

"Having knowledge of different types of data structures will help the programmer choose the most appropriate data structure to solve the problem efficiently. It's not just about making your solution work, but also about how efficiently it works."