Probability and Statistics Roadmap

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1 Mathematical Foundations & Set Theory

Build the necessary mathematical knowledge.

Calculus & Linear Algebra
Set Theory & Venn Diagrams
Counting: Permutations, Combinations

2 Basic Concepts of Probability

Delve into the first principles of probability theory.

Sample Space, Events
Definitions of Probability: Classical, Statistical
Conditional Probability, Bayes' Theorem

3 Random Variables & Probability Distributions

Model the random outcomes of an experiment.

Discrete & Continuous Random Variables
Probability Density Function (PDF) & Cumulative Distribution Function (CDF)
Expectation, Variance, Standard Deviation
Common Distributions: Binomial, Poisson, Normal

4 Joint Probability Distributions

Study the relationships between multiple random variables.

Joint & Marginal Distributions
Covariance, Correlation Coefficient
Central Limit Theorem (CLT)

5 Introduction to Statistics

Begin the journey from theoretical probability to practical data analysis.

Descriptive Statistics: Mean, Median, Variance...
Data Visualization: Histograms, Box Plots
Inferential Statistics: Population & Sample

6 Parameter Estimation

Estimate population characteristics from sample data.

Point Estimation: MLE Method
Confidence Intervals for Mean & Proportion

7 Hypothesis Testing

Use data to make decisions about claims.

Null Hypothesis (H₀) & Alternative Hypothesis (Hₐ)
Type I & II Errors, p-value
Common Tests: Z-test, t-test, Chi-squared

8 Linear Regression

Model the relationship between variables.

Simple Linear Regression
Ordinary Least Squares (OLS)
Model Evaluation: R-squared Coefficient
Multiple Linear Regression

9 Advanced Topics

Explore more specialized areas.

Analysis of Variance (ANOVA)
Bayesian Statistics
Markov Chains & Monte Carlo Simulation

10 Applications & Tools

Apply knowledge to practice.

Data Science, Machine Learning, Finance
Python (NumPy, Pandas) & R
Practice with real-world datasets

Visit the following related paths and keep learning.