Object-Oriented Analysis & Design Roadmap

Learn to build flexible, maintainable, and scalable software systems using the object-oriented paradigm.

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Phase Main Topic Content & Learning Activities Objectives & Deliverables
1 General Introduction
  • Concept of OO Analysis & Design.
  • Advantages over traditional methods.
  • Object-Oriented Software Development Life Cycle.
  • Understand the core philosophy of OOAD.
2 Basic Concepts
  • Object, Class, Attribute, Method.
  • Relationships: Aggregation, Composition, Inheritance, Polymorphism.
  • Package, Module.
  • Master the fundamental vocabulary of OOP.
3 Object-Oriented Analysis Process
  • Identify use cases and actors.
  • Business analysis through use cases.
  • Identify classes, responsibilities, and collaborations (CRC).
  • Develop an analysis model from requirements.
4 UML – Unified Modeling Language
  • Use Case, Class, Sequence Diagrams.
  • Activity, Statechart Diagrams.
  • Component & Deployment Diagrams.
  • Ability to read and create standard UML diagrams.
5 Object-Oriented Design
  • System Architecture Design.
  • Class Design, Data Design, and ORM.
  • Design Principles (SOLID, GRASP).
  • Create a detailed and robust system design.
6 Design Patterns
  • Creational: Singleton, Factory.
  • Structural: Adapter, Composite.
  • Behavioral: Observer, Strategy.
  • Apply common patterns to solve recurring problems.
7 Implementation and Testing
  • Translating design models to source code.
  • OO Programming concepts: interfaces, abstract classes.
  • Unit Test, Integration Test strategies.
  • Understand the process of coding and verifying an OO system.
8 OOAD Project Management
  • Software Development Processes.
  • Requirement and Change Management.
  • Supporting Tools (CASE tools).
  • Learn to manage OO projects effectively.
9 Application Trends
  • Microservices and OO architecture.
  • OOAD in mobile and web application development.
  • Combining UML + Agile methodologies.
  • Apply OOAD principles to modern software architectures.

Core Mindsets for OOAD

1. Abstract to Simplify

Focus on what an object "does" rather than "how it does it." Hide internal complexity to create components that are easy to use and manage.

2. High Cohesion, Low Coupling

Design classes with clear, focused responsibilities (high cohesion) and minimize dependencies between them (low coupling) to create a flexible, easy-to-change system.

3. Model the Real World

Think of the system as a collection of interacting objects that reflect real-world entities and processes to create an intuitive design.

4. Design for Change

Always anticipate that requirements will change. Use principles like SOLID and Design Patterns to build software that can be extended and adapted without a complete rewrite.